# Lesson Plan: Electricity
## Year Group: 4
## Subject: Science
## Duration: 60 minutes
### **Learning Objectives:**
1. Understand basic concepts of electricity.
2. Identify common electrical appliances and their power sources.
3. Learn about electrical circuits and components.
4. Conduct a simple hands-on experiment to create a basic electrical circuit.
### **Materials Needed:**
- Chart paper and markers
- Pictures or models of common electrical appliances (e.g., toaster, lamp, television)
- Battery packs
- Light bulbs and holders
- Wires with crocodile clips
- Switches
- Worksheets and pencils
- Safety goggles
### **Lesson Structure:**
#### **Introduction (10 minutes):**
1. **Warm-up Discussion:**
- Begin with a discussion about electricity.
- Ask students if they can name some electrical appliances they use at home.
- Record responses on the board.
2. **Introduction to Electricity:**
- Briefly explain what electricity is and how it powers appliances.
- Use simple terms and analogies, such as comparing electricity flow to water flow in pipes.
#### **Direct Instruction (15 minutes):**
1. **Electrical Appliances and Power Sources:**
- Show pictures/models of common appliances and discuss whether they use batteries or mains electricity.
- Highlight the importance of safety when using electrical devices.
2. **Components of a Circuit:**
- Introduce basic components: power source (battery), conductors (wires), a load (light bulb), and a switch.
- Use a chart to illustrate a simple circuit diagram.
#### **Guided Practice (20 minutes):**
1. **Building a Simple Circuit:**
- Divide students into small groups and provide them with the materials.
- Demonstrate how to connect a battery, wires, and a light bulb to create a simple circuit.
- Emphasise the importance of completing the circuit to light the bulb.
- Introduce the switch and explain how it can open (break) and close (complete) the circuit.
2. **Hands-on Activity:**
- Allow students to experiment with their own materials, creating a circuit that lights the bulb.
- Encourage them to test the effects of opening and closing the switch.
- Circulate the room, providing guidance and support as needed.
#### **Independent Practice (10 minutes):**
- Distribute worksheets with diagrams of incomplete circuits.
- Ask students to draw in the missing components to complete each circuit.
- Provide simple comprehension questions related to the day’s lesson.
#### **Conclusion (5 minutes):**
1. **Review Key Concepts:**
- Summarise the major points: what electricity is, different types of power sources, components of a circuit.
- Discuss what they learned from the hands-on activity.
2. **Q&A Session:**
- Allow students to ask any remaining questions.
- Address misconceptions and clarify any points of confusion.
3. **Exit Ticket:**
- As a quick assessment, ask each student to write one thing they learned about electricity today.
### **Assessment:**
- Participation in discussion and hands-on activity.
- Accuracy and completeness of worksheet answers.
- Observations during the independent practice and group work.
### **Differentiation:**
- Pair students strategically, mixing different levels of ability to help them support each other.
- Provide additional visual aids or simplified explanations for students who may need extra support.
- Offer extension activities, such as experimenting with more complex circuits, for advanced learners.
### **Safety Considerations:**
- Ensure all activities are supervised.
- Explain safety rules clearly, such as not touching live circuits with bare hands.
- Provide and enforce the use of safety goggles during practical activities.